Marburg virus particles, coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM). The particles at top left are showing the characteristic shepherd’s crook shape. This RNA (ribonucleic acid) virus causes Marburg haemorrhagic fever in humans and non-human primates. Symptoms of the rare disease, which is often fatal, include fever, muscle pain, rash, diarrhoea and haemorrhage. The virus was first documented in 1967 when there were simultaneous outbreaks of haemorrhagic fever in laboratories in Marburg and Frankfurt, Germany and Belgrade, Yugoslavia. The outbreak was traced to vervet monkey tissue used in research.

Doctors under the umbrella of the National Association of Government General Medical and Dental Practitioners, NAGGMDP, has urged the Federal Government to be proactive against disease outbreaks in the country.

According to the organisation, the bane of  Nigeria’s healthcare system is that stakeholders have always been in the reactive state when it comes to tackling epidemics.

The President of the association, Dr. Dokun Noel, who spoke during the association’s 2022 National Executive Council (NEC) meeting in Abuja on Tuesday, regretted that Nigeria has yet to learn from previous epidemics.

The theme of the event is ‘The role of General Practitioners in nation building’ with a sub-theme: ‘Monkeypox: The impact of disease outbreaks in fragile economy’.

Consequently, Noel tasked the government to utilise preventive measures instead of curative measures in tackling disease outbreaks.

He said “The problem with Nigeria’s system is that we have always been in the reactive state when it comes to epidemics. It was when Ebola happened that we started thinking of what to do, and when COVID-19 started was when we started thinking of what to do. If we have followed the trend of Monkeypox, you will know that we are still lagging behind.

“In 2018, Monkeypox was referred to as a Nigeria disease in a publication in Britain whereas the first girl that had it was in Congo in 1970. And we have not learnt from our past mistakes, we put too much emphasis on other things but we should be looking at the preventive aspect and make sure that we have protocols on how to prevent diseases.”

He also lamented that the economic impact of disease outbreaks in the country is always huge.

“The cost is massive because there is a barrier placed on our people from travelling when they said a disease is a Nigeria disease. If they say something is coming out of Nigeria that is bad, then it’s not limited to the goods we send out but individuals are affected and it will affect everyone. We don’t know the effects now but it will get worse if we don’t do anything.

“We need to get it right, we need to develop our homegrown ways on how to deal with diseases.

“Medical schools are churning out doctors and they are leaving because they are looking for greener pastures and our people feel it is okay but we are getting it wrong.”

Speaking on the impact of monkeypox on a fragile economy, Dr. Stephanie Oni-Ogunbor said there is a need for increased awareness of Monkeypox.

“In July 2022, the World Health Organisation declared Monkeypox a disease a public health emergency of international concern and it means that we will likely be tolling the line of COVID-19. It is high time everybody was aware of what the symptoms are and how to care for the disease.

“The economic impact of the disease is enormous. COVID-19 started like a tick and it became a global issue, there is a possibility that can happen with monkeypox. Right now, the spread of the disease is beyond Africa and we must be very careful,” she said.