Overview
Cancer that occurs in the anal canal, a short tube at the end of rectum, the lower part of the digestive system.
Symptoms
Symptoms include anal or rectal bleeding, pain in the anus, mass in the anal canal and anal itching.
Causes
It results from genetic mutation that leads to the formation of abnormal cells from normal healthy cells.
Diagnosis
Diagnostic tests and procedures include anal canal and rectum examination for abnormalities.
Highlights
- Treatable by a medical professional
- Diagnosed by medical professional
- Requires lab test or imaging
- Can last several months or years
- May be preventable by vaccine
- Common for ages 50 and older
- More common in males
- May be dangerous or life threatening
Treatment
Treatment includes combined chemotherapy and radiation, surgery and supportive care.
Medications
Chemotherapy: Specific drugs injected or taken orally destroy the rapidly growing cancer cells.
Therapy
Radiation therapy: Uses high energy beams to kill cancer cells.
Procedures
Tumor excision: Surgery to remove early stage anal cancers-removing tumor and a small amount of healthy tissue surrounding it.
Abdominoperineal resection: In the case of advanced anal cancer, the anal canal, rectum, and a portion of the colon are removed.
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